Morphology studies how words can be formed to produce meaningful sentences.

The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by F. de Saussure.

Phonology

Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.

The study of meaning in language is known as semantics.

Language is p（）in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. In other words, they can produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences which they have never heard before.

Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally known as a（）linguistics.

The discipline that studies the rules governing the formation of words into permissible sentences in languages is called s（）

Phonetics

In the study of linguistics, hypotheses formed should be based on language facts and checked against the observed facts.