A vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to maneuver as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel is called（）.

Besides saving distance along the track line，another advantage of the Scharnow Turn over the Williamson Turn in a man overboard situation because（）.

A vessel travelling down a narrow channel，especially if the draft is nearly equal to the depth of the water，may set off the nearer side. This effect is known as（）.

Apparent wind speed blowing across a vessel under tow can be measured by a(n)（）.

As a vessel falls off the wind from close-hauled to a beam reach，the tendency for the vessel to move sideways through the water will（）.

If you are the stand-on vessel in a crossing situation，you may take action to avoid collision by your maneuver alone. When may this action be taken?（）.

If a vessel under tow starts jumping on its tow line，the most appropriate action to alleviate the condition is to（）.

In a following sea，a wave has overtaken your vessel and thrown the stern to starboard. To continue along your original course，you should（）.

A vessel is equipped with a single right-handed screw. With rudder amidships and calm wind，the vessel will most likely back（）.

In towing，heaving lines are used for（）.