four switches， which one will be root switch.（no pic）.

What is the next state of initial in spanning-tree protocol？

What field in IP packet is used for classification by QOS？

Which of the following are key characteristics of PPP?（）

R1 will choose which path to reach 10.1.0.0？

Refer to the exhibit.The network administrator is in acampus building distant from Building B.WANRouter is hosting a newly installed WAN link on interface S0/0.The new link is not functioning and the administrator needs to determine if the correct cable has been attached to the S0/0 interface.How can the administrator accurately verify the correct cable type on S0/0 in the most efficient manner?（）

Local Preference？

The following configuration line was added to router R1 Access-list 101 permit ip 10.25.30.00.0.0.255 any What is the effect of this access list configuration?（）

A network administrator is troubleshooting the OSPF configuration of routers R1 and R2.The routers cannot establish an adjacency relationship on their common Ethernet link.The graphic shows the output of the show ip ospf interface e0 command for routers R1 and R2.Based on the information in the graphic,what is the cause of this problem?（）

what is the advantage of policing opposite to shaping？